the Marcomanni

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

Marcŏmăni and - manni, ōrum, m. [marka, a march, border; the marchmen, borderers], a Germanic people, a portion of the tribe of the Suevi, who, after their defeat by Drusus, removed from the Rhine and the Main to the country of the Boii (Bohemians), Caes. B. G. 1, 51; Tac. G. 42; id. A. 2, 46; 62; Vell. 2, 108; 109; 110 and 382; Stat. S. 3, 3, 170; Vop. Aur. 13, 3.—Hence,

Marcŏmănĭa and - mannĭa, ae, f., the country of the Marcomanni, Capitol. M. Aur. 24, 5.—

Marcŏmănĭcus and - mannĭcus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Marcomanni, Marcomannic:

bellum,

Capitol. M. Aur. 17; Eutr. 8, 12; 13: MARCOMANNICVS MAXIMVS, a surname given to Caracalla, commemorative of his victory over the Marcomanni, Inscr. Mur. 1021, 7.

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(gen. merkr, pl. merkr), f. mark, by weight or value, = eight ounces (átta aurar).

(gen. markar and merkr, pl. markir and merkr), f. forest.

pl. from mark, march, border.

* * *

f., gen. sing. merkr, pl. merkr, [a word common to all Teut. languages]:—a mark, in weight equal to eight ounces or half a pound; twenty merkr make a fjórðung, q. v.; eighty merkr = a vætt; þat er lögpundari at átta fjórðungar eru í vætt, en tuttugu merkr skolu í fjórðungi vera, Grág. i. 499.

2. a mark, by weight or value, of gold and silver, eight ounces (átta aurar) go to a mark, 732. 16; mörk silfrs, mörk gulls, þrim mörkum gulls, Fms. vii. 235, Grág., Sagas passim; mörk vegins silfrs, O. H. L. 23; gullhringa ok stóð mörk hvárr, Eg. 464: often used absol. so that the standard can only be seen from the context, verðr hann útlagr þrem mörkum, Grág. i. 16, 132; varðar honum þat sex merkr, tólf merkr, 319; varðar þat þriggja marka sekð, 499; hversu mikit fé er þetta? hann sagði hundrað marka, Nj. 4; Áðalsteinn vill gefa skilling manni hverjum frjálsbornum, en mörk sveitar-höfðingja hverjum, Eg. 280; hann skal gjalda hálfa mörk fyrir eyri, Grág. i. 208; þrjú hundruð hundraða eptir forngildu marka-tali, Dipl. v. 20; svá mikit ofa-fé at trautt kom marka-tali á, Fær. 11; hann var svá auðigr af gulli at engi vissi marka-tal, Fms. vi. 176; merkr-kaup, a purchase to the amount of a mörk, Gþl. 497; merkr-þjófr, a theft to the value of a mark, N. G. L. i. 326; merkr stykki, a piece amounting to a mark, H. E. ii. 188. As to the standard, the value of a mörk varied at different times and in different countries, see esp. Mr. Dasent’s Essay in Burnt Njal. In Icel. the confusion was made still greater, by the fact that (as remarked s. v. eyrir) the word mörk was also used of the wadmal standard (the ell of wadmal), and so the law speaks of a mörk vaðmála, Grág. i. 500; mörk sex … álna aura, etc., K. Þ. K. 70, 172, but this is a contradiction in terms, for mörk is a weight, not a measure: the real meaning is often only to be made out by the context, e. g. in questions of weregild the weighed mark is no doubt meant.

II. of fluid, a pint, viz. half a pottr; in mod. usage all fluids and vessels holding fluids are thus measured, tveggja, þriggja … marka askr.

f., gen. markar, but merkr, Fas. ii. 512; dat. mörk: pl. markir, Fs. 100, Ó. H. 80, 142, Hkr. i. 55; later merkr, Fb. i. 134, Fms. viii. 31; [akin to mark, q. v.]:—a forest; (prop. a march-land, border-land, see mark, marka; in olden times vast and dense forests often formed the border-land between two countries; cp. for Scandinavia, Sverr. S. ch. 12, 13; fóru þeir nú austr á markirnar, Fs. 100; austr um markir ok svá til Gautlands, Ó. H. 80; hann ruddi markir ok bygði þar sem nú heitir Jamtaland, 142); eyða annars manns mörk Gþl. 79; þeir er mörk eigu saman, 445; markar spell or spjöll, damage done to a forest, 368, Jb. 235; gengu þeir til merkrinnar, Fas. ii. 512; varð fyrir þeim mörk stór, Edda 28; á mörkinni, Fb. iii. 403; er þér ok heimil vár mörk sem þú villt höggva láta, Fs. 27; ryðja markir, ryðja mörkina ok brenna, to clear forests, Hkr. i. 55; fundusk þá víða í mörkunum skóglaus lönd, … brjóta vegu um markir, mýrar ok fjallvegu, id.; þá lagðisk hann út á merkr ok veiddi dýr, Fb. i. 134; stórar mýrar ok þröngar merkr, Fms. viii. 31; Sverrir konungr skyldi fara yfir mikit vatn í einni mörk, … á inni mestu mörkinni, 32; eyði-mörk, a wilderness.

II. the word is freq. in Northern names of places; Mörk is used of Finnmarken, Finn-mörk, Eg. ch. 14; Þórólfr fór víða um Mörkina, Eg. 41; Þórólfr fór þenna vetr enn um Mörkina ok átti kaupstefnu við Finna, 56; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á Mörkina 58: Markir, f. pl. the Markland between Sweden and southern Norway, Fb. iii; whence Marka-menn, Marchmen, Fms. passim; cp. the Marcomanni of Tacitus, Die Mark in Germany. When the woodlands were cleared and turned into fields the name remained, thus in Danish mark means a field, open space:—in local names, Dan-mörk Þórs-mörk, a woodland in southern Icel. sacred to Thor; a few farms in southern Icel. are called Mörk, Nj., Landn., different from Holt: in Norse counties, Heið-mörk, Þela-mörk, Vingul-mörk, Finn-mörk. marka-menn, m. pl. robbers, outlaws (cp. Icel. skógarmaðr), Grett 118 A.

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dĕindĕ, and abbrev. dein (cf. Prisc. p. 1008 P., and exin, proin —in both forms ei is monosyl. in the class. poets;

as dissyl.,

Prud. Cath. 10, 100; id. Ditt. 1, 1), adv. [de-inde], thereafter, thereupon (for syn. cf.: dein, exinde, inde, deinceps, post, postea, porro).—

In place (rare), from there, from that place:

via interest perangusta, deinde paulo latior patescit campus,

Liv. 22, 4.—

Transf. in (local) succession, thereafter, next (cf. dehinc, no. I. B.):

auxiliares Galli Germanique in fronte, post quos pedites sagittarii, dein quatuor legiones, exin totidem aliae legiones, etc.,

next, Tac. A. 2, 16:

juxta Hermanduros Narisci, ac deinde Marcomanni,

id. G. 42:

haec quidem duo binis pedibus incisim: dein membratim, etc.,

Cic. Or. 63, 213; cf. id. N. D. 2, 42 fin.:

Baliares locat ante signa... dein graviorem armis peditem,

Liv. 21, 55, 2.—

In time.

Thereafter, afterwards, then (common in all periods and styles):

hostes contra legiones suas instruunt. Deinde utrique imperatores in medium exeunt,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 68:

accepit conditionem, dein quaestum occipit,

Ter. Andr. 1, 1, 52:

complures ex iis occiderunt: deinde se in castra receperunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 35 fin.:

dein Tubero, Nescio (inquit) Africane,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10: incipe, Damoeta;

tu deinde sequēre, Menalca. Alternis dicetis,

Verg. E. 3, 58;

unguibus et pugnis, dein fustibus, atque ita porro Pugnabant armis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 101:

in Aequis nihil deinde memorabile actum,

Liv. 3, 3.—

Freq. after primum, principio, prius, inde, postea, postremo, etc.:

Caesar primum suo, deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 25; cf. id. ib. 3, 20 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 74; 3, 108 et saep.:

principio duplicavit illum pristinum patrum numerum, deinde, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 2, 20:

plebs montem sacrum prius, deinde Aventinum occupavit,

id. ib. 2, 33; cf. ib. 2, 37:

hunc secutus est Cursor. deinde L. Maso aedilicius: inde multi Masones...: deinde Carbones et Turdi insequuntur,

id. Fam. 9, 21 med.:

jubent venire agros Attalensium...: deinde agros in Macedonia regios...: deinde agrum optimum et fructuosissimum Corinthium...: post autem agros in Hispania... tum vero ipsam veterem Carthaginem vendunt,

id. Agr. 1, 2, 5:

quippe oppidana lascivia invicem incessente probra, deinde saxa, postremo ferrum sumpsere,

Tac. A. 14, 17 et saep.; so,

corresp. with in praesentia,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 26.—

Connected with tum, tunc, postea, porro, postremo, etc.:

primum ea quae sumus acturi cogitare debemus, deinde tum dicere ac facere,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 42 Müll.; so,

deinde tum,

Quint. 4, 2, 27:

deinde tunc,

Sen. Ep. 74, 23:

tum deinde,

Liv. 2, 8:

tunc deinde,

Val. Fl. 8, 109: servos Milonis sibi confessos esse de interficiendo Cn. Pompeio conjurasse;

deinde postea se gladio percussum esse, etc.,

Cic. Mil. 24, 65; so,

deinde postea,

id. Inv. 1, 28, 43: id. Tusc. 4, 1, 2: Liv. 41, 24; Cels. 3, 4; 5, 28 al.:

postea deinde,

id. 7, 8; Val. Max. 9, 1 ext. 5; cf.

also deinde eam postea supprimat,

Cic. Clu. 26, 71:

post deinde,

Ter. Andr. 3, 2, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 23:

deinde post,

Nep. Eum, 5, 5; Vell. 2, 23, 3:

deinde porro,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 103; id. Epid. 5, 2, 61:

mox deinde,

Tib. 1, 5, 73:

deinde postremo,

Cic. Inv. 1, 28, 43; cf.:

deinde ad extremum,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28; id. Pis. 31 fin.:

deinde deinceps,

id. Div. 1, 30, 64 (dub.); id, Leg. 3, 2, 4; Liv. 2, 47.—

Strengthened by cum, postquam, posteaquam, ubi, etc.:

dein (deinde) cum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

deinde cum,

as soon as, Liv. 3, 47; cf.:

dein cum,

Plin. 19, 8, 51, § 166:

deinde (dein) postquam,

Liv. 3, 66; 6, 13; 7, 37 et saep.:

deinde posteaquam,

Cels. 7 praef.:

deinde (dein) ubi,

Sall. J. 68, 69; id. C. 45 fin.; Liv. 7, 14. —

Of future time, hereafter, from this time forward (rare):

tu velim cures ut sciam, quibus nos dare oporteat eas, quas ad te deinde litteras mittemus,

Cic. ad Q. Frat. 3, 8, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 280;

experiamini quidquid deinde fors tulerit,

Curt. 5, 25, 17. —

In an enumeration or succession of facts or arguments, afterwards, next in order, then:

ut a prima congressione maris et feminae, deinde a progenie et cognatione ordiar, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 24, 48:

te ad coenas itare desisse moleste fero... Deinde etiam vereor... ne, etc.,

id. Fam. 9, 24, 2; id. de Or. 2, 11, 45 sq. et saep.—

Esp. freq. following primum (primus), followed by postremo al.:

quod in homine multo est evidentius, primum ex ea caritate, quae, etc., deinde, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 8, 27; 18, 65; 20, 73; id. Rep. 1, 13; 1, 17 et passim; cf.

deinde, several times repeated,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 45; id. Inv. 1, 28, 43; id. Or. 54, 108 al.:

primum with deinde eight times, and finally postremo,

id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

deinde... tum... post, etc.,

Cels. 2, 18; 3, 7 et saep.:

deinde... deinde... postremo...,

Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 49: excellente tum Crasso et Antonio, deinde ( next in the order of excellence, not of time) Philippo, post Julio, id. Brut. 88, 301:

deinde... tum... postremo,

Quint. 3, 9, 6 sq.:

prima nobilitas Cilicio... dein Lyciae Olympo, mox Centuripino, etc.,

Plin. 21, 6, 17, § 31;

so after optimus,

Plin. 25, 11, 87, § 136; 37, 9, 38, § 119;

after laudatissimus,

id. 21, 18, 69, § 115; cf. id. 21, 21, 92, § 160:

femur promovetur saepissime in interiorem: deinde in exteriorem: raro admodum in priorem aut posteriorem,

Cels. 8, 20.—

So, in a climax, emphasizing the last of a series:

suis artibus, fraude, deinde insidiis est prope circumventus,

at length, in fine, Liv. 21, 34; id. 21, 41; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 238 -249.